The Ontario Psychological Association notes that in our productivity-driven culture, play is often misunderstood as a wasteful or immature activity. In reality, play is a powerful tool for regulating emotions, recovering from burnout, and reconnecting with creativity. It is any activity that feels joyful, spontaneous, and immersive state of being that is inherently “purposeless, fun, and pleasurable.” This freedom from productivity is exactly what makes play so mentally nourishing.

The Psychological Case for Play.

The need for play is rooted in our neurobiology. Dr. Gordon Neufeld, a Vancouver-based developmental psychologist, describes play as a sanctuary for our emotions. According to Neufeld, the primary purpose of play is to manage our feelings. It creates what he calls an “emotional playground”, a safe, not-for-real space where the brain can process emotions without them feeling like work. “Play turns out to be the only form of activated rest that’s available to us,” he notes, distinguishing it from passive activities like watching television.

This concept is supported by research from the University of Alberta, which explored how play contributes to holistic wellness across a lifespan. Participants in these studies consistently reported that play was central to their well-being, providing essential elements like joy and coping mechanisms. One participant from the study articulated a sentiment that resonates with many: “It just makes you feel good” was the “bottom line of why we play across our lifespans”. When life becomes stressful, play acts as a counterweight. As one study participant explained, while facing work pressure, the ability to engage in a playful activity creates a necessary disconnect: “it’s like something else did exist, and now I’m relaxed and now I can sit down”.

Play as a Buffer Against Burnout.

For many Canadians, the pressures of work and daily life can lead to severe burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion and chronic stress. Play offers a preventative tool against this state. Positive psychology research shows that playful adults are more adaptable, less reactive, and more capable of handling uncertainty. Engaging in activities that promote joy can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, while building social bonds that are crucial for resilience.

However, the journey back to play is often blocked by stigma. A common misconception is that play is the opposite of work. In reality, “the opposite isn’t work, it’s depression” (Stuart Brown, as cited in a Concordia University study). When we lose our playful approach to life, we can become joyless and anhedonic. The stigma is particularly potent for adults; society often shames them for engaging in activities deemed “childish” outside of specific contexts like parenting or professional performances. This internalization makes it difficult for people to give themselves permission to be playful.

Making Space for Summer Recess.

The good news is that “play” does not require a return to organized sports or a trip to the playground (though it certainly can). It is about reclaiming a mindset. As one University of Alberta researcher emphasized, “It is not what you do, it is how you do it.” Play is a mental attitude, not a specific activity. It can be anything from painting without a purpose, to building with LEGO, to engaging in a spirited board game with friends.

For those feeling the call for a “summer recess,” experts suggest a few starting points:

1. Reframe “Productivity”: Give yourself permission to engage in activities that are process-oriented, not outcome-oriented. The goal is the joy of the experience, not a finished product.
2. Think Like a Child: Reflect on what you enjoyed doing as a child. Is there a way to revisit or reinvent that activity today?
3. Schedule It: In a culture that values busyness, play must be intentional. Even ten minutes of unstructured, joyful activity a day can be a radical act of restoration.

Ultimately, reclaiming play in adulthood is not about escaping reality but about reconnecting with ourselves. As Dr. Neufeld notes, “play may be the active ingredient in therapy when it works. In play, play is a sanctuary for feeling our emotions”. This summer, consider giving yourself permission for a recess—it might just be the healthiest decision you make all year.

And if reclaiming play means asking, “Now where did I leave my lightsaber?”—all the better.

The post The Psychology of Play: Why Adults Need Summer Recess Too appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

This scenario may be a bit too close to reality for most Canadians. And according to mounting evidence from the field of occupational health, failing to switch off work properly can no longer be perceived as being obsessive about your job or dedication – it is an acknowledged obstacle to recovery.

The Switch You Think You’re Flipping: Psychological Detachment.

Occupational health psychologists refer to the concept of psychological detachment when describing the essence of detaching oneself from work, both physically and psychologically. Psychological detachment involves the phenomenon whereby individuals stop thinking about their work outside working hours, as described by one measure of this concept: “not thinking about work at all.”

Psychological detachment forms part of the recovery experiences of Sonnentag and Fritz’s widely accepted model of stressor-detachment, featured in the Journal of Organizational Behaviour. The other three recovery experiences include relaxation, mastery, and control. In situations where such recovery experiences occur during downtime, the depleted psychological resources that have been exhausted through work-related stress are renewed. Failure for these experiences to happen means that the systems stimulated by the stressful work-related demands will be unable to return to their neutral states, hence creating an accumulation of stress over the years.

It is not just an academic idea. Research conducted in PLOS ONE by following up with working individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2025 showed that individuals who had lower psychological detachment at the time of the first lockdown suffered from poor mental health after a year, suffering from depression, and were less satisfied with their lives. The capacity for psychological detachment was among the most significant predictors of their well-being.

“It’s Not That I Check It – I Just Know It’s There”: The Email Expectation Effect.

Surprise finding #2: You needn’t even read one email for work stress to manifest itself on your vacation!

In studies examining what the researchers call “organizational expectations for email monitoring” – in other words, the implicit (and sometimes explicit) assumption that the employee will be available outside of work hours – Becker, Belkin, Conroy, and Tuskey have demonstrated in the Journal of Management that this very assumption constitutes a specific form of psychological stressor leading to the so-called “attention allocation conflict”: an inner struggle between the work role and personal time during which neither can be truly engaged. And that stress didn’t confine itself to the individual; it was passed along to his partner and children, who were experiencing work-related stress at the same level and lower relationship satisfaction because of it.

The 2024 scoping review in the journal PLOS Digital Health analyzed the body of existing research on non-workplace-related use of smartphones outside of work hours and concluded that there is agreement on two findings: first, the culture of always being available enabled by the technological world leads to increased levels of stress and anxiety; and second, management holds an especially crucial position in the issue in question, as they can choose whether to uphold or tear down this culture by setting out clear (or intentionally vague) guidelines regarding after-hours communication.

Vacation anxiety is thus not only an effect of one’s personal choices. Rather, it stems, at least in part, from the culture of the workplace that has been eroding the work-life balance for decades.

The Fade-Out Problem: Why the Benefits Wear Off Faster Than You’d Think.

Even when people do successfully disconnect, the benefits of vacation tend to be shorter-lived than most of us hope.

In a meta-analysis conducted by de Bloom et al., published in the Journal of Occupational Health, various data collected from different studies revealed that vacations positively impact health and wellness. However, the unpleasant truth is that these benefits gradually dissipate within the next two to four weeks when individuals return to work, and in many instances, start to disappear in the first week back. It was evident that the “fade-out effect” took place across the studies under review.

An editorial published in Cureus in 2025 by Giridharan and Pandiyan considered the latest literature concerning the phenomenon and came to an interesting finding: contrary to popular belief, taking several short vacations throughout the year seems to yield better results than using all vacation days to enjoy one long holiday. An earlier study examined workers’ experiences during a 23-day vacation and established that their health and wellness were optimized during eight days and started to decline after this period, getting close to the baseline within one week after the end of the vacation.

Quality of vacation and not the duration of the vacation seems to be the most reliable factor in studies, especially with respect to how successful employees were at achieving psychological detachment during their time off. Work intrusions during vacation can have an extremely detrimental effect on recovery. Just one work-related task completed during vacation signals to the nervous system that the workday continues.

What Actually Restores: The Evidence for Nature and Active Recovery.

In occupational health research, the evidence converges around four key components of authentic recovery: physical activity, social involvement, learning experiences (mastering something), and, perhaps most importantly, being outside in nature.

One study on the physiological effect of nature exposure on stress levels was published in the Frontiers in Psychology journal by Hunter, Gillespie, and Chen from the University of Michigan. The scientists used two biomarkers of physiological stress reactions: salivary cortisol (a known biomarker) and salivary alpha-amylase (indicating sympathetic nervous system activation). In a two-month study involving 36 participants living in an urban environment, all individuals were instructed to spend at least ten minutes in an outdoor setting three times weekly. The effect was dramatic and consisted of lowering the cortisol levels by more than 21 percent per hour of being outside. This effect was stable and consistent over the entire duration of the experiment. The authors labelled this activity “nature pill,” an accessible tool to relieve stress with no location, equipment, or training needed.

Even for those who spend their vacations in cities, campuses, or places where there are very few opportunities to connect with nature, this theory applies. The Attention Restoration Theory, which forms the basis of this study, is based on the concept that any place which creates feelings of novelty, complexity, and distance from the demands of daily life will always help in regaining mental resources, irrespective of whether the environment is an evergreen forest or even a city park.

A Canadian Context: When Policy Begins to Reflect the Science.

It cannot be said that this issue has gone unnoticed by government officials. In June of 2022, Ontario became the first province in Canada to enact legislation that would force companies employing 25 or more workers to draft a written policy regarding disconnection from the workplace. Disconnecting from the workplace means not engaging in any communication relevant to the work, including emails, calls, video calls, or other messaging so as to ensure that one is not engaging in any work activity.

The policy does not give employees an enforceable right to be out of reach at all times, but the legislation does demand that workplace communication standards should be laid down. It is important because, based on the evidence reviewed in this paper, ambiguity contributes to the issue in question. When people are unsure about the need for engagement, they become anxious about being available, which hampers recovery.

Indeed, scientific evidence confirms this policy strategy: when organizational culture is used to normalize disconnectivity when an employee is supposed to take a break and treats disconnection as an acceptable professional practice rather than something that indicates a lack of involvement, chances of achieving psychological detachment increase.

The Vacation That Actually Works.

However, the results obtained over several decades of research are very clear: vacations are good for one’s health. They help people to have low levels of cortisol, boost mood, decrease tiredness, and replenish the depleted mental and psychological resources. The problem is not even in getting free time but rather about achieving the right mindset that makes free time beneficial.

Even if one spends seven days at a campsite without working, from the point of view of neurobiology, such a week may not be considered as a complete vacation period since the nervous system will keep performing the task it was not created for – constant monitoring of the email box.

As shown in the scientific literature, true switching off is not a matter of luxury; on the contrary, it is a key part of the vacation.

Key Takeaways.

The post Managing Vacation Anxiety – How to Unplug from the Office Truly appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

Your Internal GPS is Still Calibrating: The Circadian Rhythm Shuffle.

All of us possess an elaborate biological clock, and at the moment in Canada, this clock is experiencing a slight malfunction. The mechanism works according to circadian rhythms, which dictate that “standard time” should be kept similar to solar time, in which the peak of the sun occurs during noon. The problem arises from the fact that in the spring, we suddenly alter our relationship between natural sunlight and sleeping habits.

Imagine the circadian clock as the GPS that tells you it is still in the center of Lake Superior when you are at home on the couch. The reason why this change in March is so disruptive is that it creates an eight-month disconnection. As a resident of the “True North,” the northern latitude means there is no latitude left in the daylight hours; the body simply does not have any more give to adapt to this new time zone.

Northern Latitude Problems: Why Canada is the Final Boss of Sleep Habits.

First, being in Canada means playing a completely different game compared to our friends south of the border. As an example, on the shortest day of the year, Montreal will only see eight hours and forty minutes of daylight, whereas Miami will experience more than ten hours. The absence of a “light cushion” means that the spring change is an extra burden for our internal conducting orchestra. Were we to apply the same DST policy year-round, then most Canadian cities would have sunrise at 8:00 AM or later in winter, which would make us go to school and work in complete darkness without the necessary dose of sunlight to “reprogram” our brains.

In addition, there are some interesting time zones within Canada, which makes its borders pretty crazy when it comes to DST. For example, Thunder Bay, Ontario, is located nearly an hour away from its correct solar time zone. This situation creates something scientists call “social jetlag,” which is effectively similar to trying to play a game of shinny on an ice rink tilted at 45 degrees. You can do it, but you will get tired way quicker than your opponents.

Tick-Tock vs. Heart-Thump: The Cardiovascular Price of Losing an Hour.

It may seem like an insignificant loss of sixty minutes to you, but your heart may beg to differ. There have been recent findings in a Canadian study on hospitalizations of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which is another way of saying heart attack. Prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, the onset of Daylight Saving Time showed a 19% rise in the frequency of heart attacks among a Canadian population.

The trend got complicated with the onset of the virus; however, the findings show that those who are referred to as late chronotypes—i.e., “night owls”—may be at greater risk. These people require four weeks of adjustment for their biological clocks following the switch in spring. The one-hour time difference is not just a nuisance but also a significant challenge for their heart. It is as though your heart is a finely-tuned engine, which has suddenly had its oil replaced by maple syrup.

The Summer Sleep Slump: Why “Netlessphobia” Won’t Save Your Zzzs.

However, when summer arrives, the natural patterns of sleep change for most people. Indeed, according to research conducted by The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, there exists a statistically noticeable difference between hours spent sleeping in the summer and winter seasons. While the difference itself is only nine minutes, its importance cannot be overlooked. Longer periods of daylight force people to prolong their bedtimes and make them even more vulnerable to social jet lag.

Strikingly enough, it was not the summer, but rather the fall transition to Standard Time that led to sleep disturbances and dissatisfaction in older adults. People who participated in interviews one week after the time shift experienced significantly more difficulties falling asleep. In other words, our body is extremely sensitive to every discrepancy between external light and internal time perception. Even though enjoying the warm weather is an excellent opportunity to have some fun, do not forget to respect the “conductor orchestra” in your brain.

Reclaiming Your Rhythm in the Great White North.

What, then, are some of the lessons we have learned? First, your chronotype makes a difference. If you happen to be an “owl,” expect to require more than a couple of days for your system to adapt to the change in the light–dark cycle. Second, the phenomenon known as the March misalignment effect does not go away overnight – it is a long-term process that impacts your physical well-being.

Canadian scientists and specialists believe that there is no better way to align one’s biological clock with environmental changes than by adopting permanent Standard Time across the country. However, until that happens, realize that your body has been through quite a tango, and give yourself some leeway to feel a little sleepy now and then. The one thing that will always remain constant in any time zone of Canada is the sun, which is your best guide in terms of timekeeping.

Key Takeaways.

The post Sleep Hygiene Reboot: Adjusting to Longer Daylight Hours appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

The truth is, “you’re not a morning person.” Your body simply hasn’t quite adjusted its internal clock to match the sun. The good news is your brain has a reset button. All you have to do is learn how to press it by getting some morning sun.

The Tiny Conductor in Your Brain.

In each of us, there is a high-tech internal time-keeping system that ticks away with a regularity of about 24 hours. Not just a gut feeling, this is a physical command center deep in the brain, known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus, or SCN.

Imagine the SCN to be the conductor of an orchestra. The conductor must make sure that the different sections of the orchestra play the same music. This is true with our hormones, temperature, and metabolism. When light enters our eyes, it sends a signal directly to the SCN via the “retinohypothalamic tract,” telling the conductor to pick up the tempo or slow down.

The Nightclub Bouncer of the Body.

You might be wondering why the timing is important, whether or not your internal clock is off by an hour or two. The answer is that your immune system is much like the bouncer at the local nightclub, and they have very specific timing to follow.

Your daytime hours are the time when this “bouncer” is most vigilant and on high alert, keeping watch at the front door. In fact, studies have shown that the body actually heightens its inflammatory responses, such as leukocyte trafficking and proinflammatory cytokines, during the day because this is the time when you are most likely to be exposed to “troublemakers” such as bacteria and viruses. If your internal clock is off, the bouncer might be in the back taking a coffee break when the “troublemaker” comes through the front door.

The 30-Minute Efficiency Hack.

Most of us believe that in order to solve our sleeping problems, we have to spend our whole morning strolling outside. However, science has revealed that our minds are much more efficient than we think.

In a study carried out by the Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, researchers compared different light patterns and determined what type of light “reset” our clocks most effectively. The researchers realized that a single 30-minute dose of bright light, especially after waking, was a powerful one. This short period of time was able to yield 75% of what we could obtain from two hours of light exposure. Therefore, if we can find a few minutes, say half an hour, to sit near a bright window or step outside onto our balcony, we can indulge ourselves with a majority of what we can obtain from this experience without missing our first meeting of the day.

Why “Blue” is the Magic Colour.

However, not all light is equal when it comes to your brain. Your SCN has a bit of a fussy streak and is most responsive to short-wavelength “blue” light.

You have special cells in your eyes called ipRGCs, and they use a photopigment called melanopsin to detect blue light. Although your regular photoreceptor cells, called your cones, play a part in getting the light signal started for the first few minutes, they don’t do the “heavy lifting” when it comes to keeping the signal going over time. This blue light signal sends a message to your brain to stop producing melatonin, your “vampire hormone” that makes you sleepy, and start producing cortisol to get you moving!

Phase-Advancing Your Life.

When you get light in the morning, you are doing what scientists call a “phase advance.” This effectively winds your internal clock forward, making it easier to fall asleep earlier that night and wake up refreshed the next day.

For Canadians trying to cope with the “spring forward” time change, light in the morning is the best tool we have to combat “circadian misalignment,” or that tired, out-of-sorts feeling that comes with seasonal changes. By aligning your internal clock with the solar day, you aren’t just fixing your sleep; you are supporting your heart, your metabolism, and your mood.

Key Takeaways.

Reference:.

Crowley, S. J., & Eastman, C. I. (2015). Phase advancing human circadian rhythms with morning bright light, afternoon melatonin, and gradually shifted sleep: can we reduce morning bright-light duration?. Sleep medicine, 16(2), 288-297.

Gooley, J. J. (2018). Light-induced resetting of circadian rhythms in humans. Journal of Science and Technology in Lighting, 41, 69-76.

Ruan, W., Yuan, X., & Eltzschig, H. K. (2021). Circadian rhythm as a therapeutic target. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 20(4), 287-307.

St Hilaire, M. A., Ámundadóttir, M. L., Rahman, S. A., Rajaratnam, S. M., Rüger, M., Brainard, G. C., … & Lockley, S. W. (2022). The spectral sensitivity of human circadian phase resetting and melatonin suppression to light changes dynamically with light duration. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(51), e2205301119.

Disclaimer:

This article is for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. It should not be taken as a medical diagnosis or treatment.

Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for personalized medical guidance.

The post The Power of Morning Light: Resetting Your Circadian Rhythm for Spring appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

New research from Gaza, Ukraine, and beyond reveals the profound neurobiological and psychological toll of conflict on children—and what clinicians need to know.

For medical professionals accustomed to treating physical wounds, the emerging data on pediatric war trauma presents a critical challenge: how do we recognize, treat, and advocate for a generation whose scars are invisible to the naked eye but detectable in every functional MRI and stress hormone assay?

The Neurobiology of Fear: Brains Forged in Fire.

The parallel between combat soldiers and traumatized children is not metaphorical—it is neurobiological. Groundbreaking Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) research has demonstrated that children exposed to violence show the same pattern of brain activity as soldiers exposed to combat.

When viewing angry faces, maltreated children exhibit heightened activation in two specific brain regions: the anterior insula and the amygdala. These areas form the brain’s threat-detection network, responsible for scanning the environment for danger and mobilizing the body’s stress response.

“Both maltreated children and soldiers may have adapted to being ‘hyper-aware’ of danger in their environment,” explains Dr. Eamon McCrory, the neuroscientist behind this research. However, this adaptation comes at a cost. The anterior insula and amygdala are also implicated in anxiety disorders, suggesting that neural changes initially designed for survival may later predispose children to psychopathology.

Crucially, these alterations appear before any psychiatric symptoms emerge. The children studied were healthy and not suffering from mental health problems—yet their brains already showed the functional signature of trauma. For clinicians, this means waiting for diagnostic thresholds to be met may mean waiting too long.

The Gaza Data: A Generation in Crisis.

Nowhere are these dynamics more starkly illustrated than in contemporary Gaza. A comprehensive cross-sectional study published in January 2026 surveyed 933 displaced children aged 3–12 living in shelters and tented communities.

The findings are nothing short of catastrophic:

Psychosocial functioning was equally impaired, with 46.3% of children scoring in the abnormal range on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Emotional symptoms and peer relationship problems were the most prominent domains affected.

For adolescents aged 12–17 in Gaza, the situation is even more dire. A separate study published in February 2026 found that 78.4% met screening cutoffs for probable PTSD, with 48.5% meeting full DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Peer relationship problems affected an astonishing 90.5% of adolescents, while 43.2% reported clinically significant emotional symptoms.

These figures represent not just statistical abstractions, but a generation’s developmental trajectory derailed.

Beyond PTSD: The Somatic and Intergenerational Burden.

The psychological wounds of war do not remain confined to the mind. Research from Ukraine, where 105 children affected by the Russian invasion were assessed, reveals a strong direct correlation (ρ=0.726) between traumatic stress and somatic symptoms.

Gastrointestinal complaints predominated, often presenting with no organic etiology. Among the Ukrainian sample, 83% of children showed moderate to high risk of post-traumatic stress reactions, while 44.8% reported somatic symptoms of high or moderate intensity. The message for clinicians is clear: when a child from a conflict zone presents with unexplained stomach pain, trauma should be high on the differential diagnosis.

Perhaps most alarming is emerging evidence that trauma’s reach extends across generations. Research on epigenetic changes following extreme stress has identified the FKBP5 gene—which regulates the body’s cortisol response—as particularly susceptible to trauma-related modification. These epigenetic markers can be passed from parents to offspring, meaning a child born after a conflict may still carry a dysregulated stress response because of maternal trauma during pregnancy.

As one recent review notes, “DNA methylation variations in stress-related genes such FKBP5, NR3C1, NR3C2, BDNF, and SLC6A4 have been seen in parents and/or their offspring in populations exposed to genocide, conflict, or combat.”  While researchers caution that evidence for true transgenerational inheritance remains inconclusive, the possibility that trauma writes itself into biology demands urgent investigation.

The Malnutrition Multiplier.

In conflict zones like Gaza, psychological trauma does not operate in isolation. It converges with a second catastrophe: severe malnutrition.

The first 1000 days of life constitute a critical window for neurodevelopment. Nutrient deprivation—particularly of protein, iron, iodine, zinc, and essential fatty acids—impairs myelination, synaptogenesis, and neurotransmitter synthesis. These processes are time-sensitive; deficits during this period often lead to irreversible impairments in cognitive function.

In Gaza, the scale is staggering. By August 2025, over 12,800 children were identified as acutely malnourished, with 23% of those admitted for treatment suffering from severe acute malnutrition. More than 40% of pregnant and breastfeeding women are severely malnourished.

The interaction between malnutrition and trauma is synergistic, not additive. A brain starved of essential nutrients lacks the neuroplasticity required to recover from traumatic stress. As one recent analysis warns, “Without intervention, malnutrition in Gaza today foreshadows a future of diminished human resources and public-health crises spanning generations.” 

Resilience and the Path Forward.

Amid this devastation, research also illuminates pathways to recovery. The same Gaza adolescent study that documented extraordinary rates of PTSD also found that prosocial behavior remained relatively preserved, with approximately three-quarters of adolescents scoring within the normal range.

Crucially, higher prosocial tendencies appeared to buffer the effect of trauma on PTSD severity, suggesting that empathy, cooperation, and helping behaviors can reduce the psychological impact of war exposure. This finding aligns with a growing consensus that effective interventions must be strengths-based and family-centered, not merely focused on deficit reduction.

A Ukrainian case report of a 14-year-old who sustained a mine-explosive injury and witnessed his father’s death demonstrates the value of comprehensive medical and psychological rehabilitation. Following an integrated approach addressing physical, psychological, and social domains, the adolescent showed improved psycho-emotional state, better awareness, increased control over thoughts and body, and normalization of physiological markers including blood pressure and glucose levels.

The authors emphasize that “rehabilitation measures require a family-oriented approach with the provision of necessary amount of rehabilitation assistance to all family members who have lost loved ones.” 

Clinical Implications.

For practicing clinicians, the evidence suggests several actionable principles:

First, screen early and often. The absence of psychiatric symptoms does not indicate the absence of trauma-related neurobiological changes. Children from conflict zones warrant regular, developmentally appropriate mental health screening regardless of presenting complaints.

Second, attend to somatic presentations. Unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms, headaches, and other physical complaints in conflict-affected children should trigger trauma-informed assessment, not dismissal.

Third, recognize the malnutrition-trauma interface. Nutritional rehabilitation is not merely a matter of physical health—it is a prerequisite for neurocognitive recovery from trauma.

Fourth, leverage prosocial capacities. Interventions that foster empathy, cooperation, and helping behaviors may buffer against the worst effects of trauma exposure.

Fifth, treat the family, not just the child. Parental PTSD is strongly associated with child PTSD. Effective intervention requires addressing the entire family system.

Conclusion.

The children of Gaza, Ukraine, Sudan, and other conflict zones are not merely the casualties of today’s wars—they are the architects of tomorrow’s societies. The evidence is unequivocal: war trauma rewires developing brains, disrupts neurodevelopment, and leaves biological scars that may persist across generations.

For the medical community, the implications extend beyond clinical practice to advocacy. The malnutrition crisis in Gaza, as one analysis puts it, is “not inevitable but engineered through deliberate manmade orchestration.” Preventing childhood trauma and supporting trauma-informed interventions must be understood as medical imperatives, not political ones.

The brains of children in conflict zones are adapting to survive. Whether that adaptation becomes a lifelong liability or a testament to resilience depends on the interventions we provide—and the urgency with which we provide them.

Sidebar: Clinical Red Flags in Conflict-Exposed Children

Neurobehavioral Domain: Hypervigilance, exaggerated startle, difficulty concentrating

Emotional Domain: Irritability, emotional numbing, separation anxiety

Somatic Domain: Recurrent headaches, abdominal pain, sleep disturbances

Developmental Domain: Regression (loss of language, bedwetting in previously continent children)

Social Domain: Withdrawal from peers, aggressive play reenactment

Sources:.

Horino M, Al Najjar S, Tabaza A, et al. (2025). Assessment of malnutrition in preschool-aged children by mid-upper arm circumference in the Gaza Strip (January 2024-August 2025): A longitudinal, cross-sectional, surveillance study. The Lancet, 406, 1993-2002.
Starved futures in the Gaza Strip: long-term outcomes of childhood malnutrition as a humanitarian emergency | BMJ Global Health

Abu Jamei Y, Barbui C. (2024). Priority setting for mental health in Gaza. The Lancet Psychiatry, 11(12), 953-955.
Priority setting for mental health in Gaza – The Lancet Psychiatry

Spiegel PB, Abrahim O, Abbara A, et al. (2025). Stop the starvation: Restore civilian aid and protect health care in Gaza. The Lancet, 406, 1066-1068.
Starved futures in the Gaza Strip: long-term outcomes of childhood malnutrition as a humanitarian emergency | BMJ Global Health

Karazin VN, et al. (2025). Analysis of the impact of traumatic stress on the health of children and adolescents. Wiadomości Lekarskie, (6), 1059-1065.
Analysis of the impact of traumatic stress on the health of children and adolescents

Papakonstantinou E, Efthimiou V, Chrousos G, et al. (2024). Genetics and epigenetics of the war child (Review). International Journal of Epigenetics, 4(1).
https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/e41f75bb-dd2e-3511-9187-6a8a0e902a74/

Society for Research in Child Development. (2024). Biological Embedding of Trauma in War and Displacement: Intergenerational Mechanisms and Innovations.
https://srcd.secure-platform.com/site/solicitations/102002/sessiongallery/94377

Banihashemi L, Wallace ML, Peng CW, et al. (2017). Childhood maltreatment moderates the effect of combat exposure on cingulum structural integrity. Development and Psychopathology, 29(5), 1735-1747.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29162178/

The post The Developing Brain Under Fire: How War Trauma Rewires a Generation appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

Sources & Further Reading

The post Mental Health and Emotional Well Being: Loneliness, Stress and the Search for Connection appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

Substance use is widespread. Health Canada’s 2023 Substance Use Survey found that 90 % of Canadians have consumed alcohol at some point, and 79 % consumed alcohol in the past 12 months. Cannabis has been used by 63 % of Canadians in their lifetime and 32 % in the past year. Lifetime prevalence of opioid use was 30 %, with 13 % using opioids in the past year. Among youth aged 15–24, alcohol and cannabis use remains high, with 73 % drinking alcohol and 48 % using cannabis in the past year. These figures illustrate that substance use is not confined to a small segment of society; it touches nearly every community.

While many people use substances without developing addiction, substance use disorders can lead to devastating health and social consequences. The Public Health Agency of Canada reports that from January 2016 to March 2025, 53 821 apparent opioid toxicity deaths occurred. In the first quarter of 2025 alone, 1 377 opioid related deaths were recorded, with 95 % classified as accidental. Most deaths involved non pharmaceutical opioids, particularly fentanyl and its analogues. Opioid related poisonings also led to 49 445 hospitalizations and 203 577 emergency department visits from 2016 to 2025. The burden is disproportionately borne by men and people aged 30–49.

Mental illness and addiction are intertwined. CAMH notes that people with mental illness are twice as likely to have a substance use disorder, and at least 20 % of people with mental illness have a co occurring substance use disorder. Conversely, people with substance use disorders are up to three times more likely to have a mental illness. Substance use contributes to 67 000 deaths per year in Canada, including over 47 000 from tobacco and nearly 15 000 from alcohol. Economic costs of mental illness exceed $50 billion per year, and substance use costs approach $40 billion, with alcohol and tobacco accounting for most of the burden.

Addressing addiction requires compassion, evidence based strategies and a broader understanding of health determinants. Harm reduction approaches—such as supervised consumption sites, naloxone distribution and opioid agonist therapy—reduce deaths and infections without requiring abstinence. Decriminalization and safe supply programs aim to reduce the harms associated with illicit drug markets. Prevention efforts include youth education, policies limiting advertising and availability, and addressing social determinants like housing and employment.

The “Anchoring Hope” theme highlights the importance of connection and optimism. People who use substances often face stigma and isolation. Community support groups, peer counselling and culturally safe programs can provide non judgmental spaces for healing. CHFA’s trend report underscores the importance of diversity, equity and inclusion; addiction services should be accessible to all, including Indigenous Peoples, LGBTQ2S+ individuals and newcomers.

Technology may play a supportive role. The 2025 Watch List identifies AI tools for remote monitoring, notetaking and disease detection. Such tools could assist clinicians in tracking substance use patterns, detecting relapse risks and personalizing care plans. Mobile apps can deliver cognitive behavioural therapy modules, peer support networks and crisis hotlines. However, digital solutions must protect privacy and avoid bias.

National Addictions Awareness Week invites us to confront the realities of substance use with empathy and hope. Educate yourself about harm reduction and support local organizations working on the front lines. If you or someone you love is struggling, reach out—help is available through helplines, community health centres and peer groups. Advocate for policies that address the social drivers of addiction and ensure equitable access to treatment. By anchoring hope in evidence and compassion, we can reduce stigma, save lives and support healthier communities.

References

The post Anchoring Hope: National Addictions Awareness Week and Mental Health appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

Let’s explore what this month truly represents—and how we can turn understanding into action.

PTSD and Pain: The Overlapping Struggles

PTSD is typically seen as a mental health disorder, but it’s increasingly acknowledged as a whole-body condition. According to the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), individuals with PTSD often experience chronic pain, including:

A 2024 PubMed Central article confirms this mind-body link, noting that neuroinflammation, heightened cortisol levels, and disrupted neural circuits all contribute to lasting physical pain in PTSD patients 【PMC10845104】.

This intersection of trauma and pain creates a vicious cycle: trauma exacerbates pain, and pain reignites trauma—making it harder for individuals to seek help or receive proper treatment.

🇨🇦 PTSD in the Canadian Context

In Canada, Public Safety Personnel (PSP)—including police officers, paramedics, correctional officers, and firefighters—are disproportionately affected. Data from CIPSRT shows that 44.5% of PSP in Canada experience symptoms of one or more mental health disorders, with PTSD being the most common 【CIPSRT, 2024】.

But PTSD is not confined to frontline workers. It affects:

Barriers to Healing

Despite growing awareness, many people living with PTSD—and its accompanying pain—face obstacles to care:

1. Underdiagnosis
Because PTSD symptoms often overlap with depression, anxiety, or chronic illness, it’s misdiagnosed or overlooked entirely.

2. Stigma and Silence
Especially among men, veterans, and racialized communities, seeking help is often seen as weakness. This stigma prolongs suffering.

3. Limited Access to Trauma-Informed Care
Many health systems lack interdisciplinary teams equipped to treat the emotional, neurological, and physical dimensions of trauma.

4. Disconnected Treatment
Pain is treated in isolation, and mental health in silos—ignoring the critical interplay between them.

The New Era of Hope: Innovations in PTSD & Pain Treatment

The good news? 2025 is ushering in promising breakthroughs and more integrated approaches:

🔹 1. Somatic and Trauma-Informed Therapies
From EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) to trauma-informed yoga and neurofeedback, a new generation of therapies is helping patients reclaim body awareness and safety.

🔹 2. Multimodal Pain Clinics
Clinics like those at TreatingPain.com now offer combined care—psychological support, physiotherapy, medication, and mindfulness—under one roof 【TreatingPain.com, 2024】.

🔹 3. Policy and Advocacy Progress
Organizations like the IASP and Atlas Institute for Veterans and Families are advocating for PTSD to be treated as a chronic condition with physical manifestations, not just a psychological disorder.

🔹 4. Digital Interventions
App-based CBT programs, wearable biosensors, and AI-enabled early diagnosis tools are helping track pain triggers and PTSD flare-ups in real time.

What You Can Do This September

Pain Awareness Month and PTSD Awareness efforts converge in a call to:

✔️ Talk about PTSD and pain—especially in schools, workplaces, and communities.

✔️ Advocate for trauma-informed care as standard practice.

✔️ Support veterans, refugees, and abuse survivors through local charities.

✔️ Listen without judgment when someone says they’re hurting.

✔️ Write to your MP or MPP about funding for interdisciplinary clinics.

Final Word from Magazica

Pain—whether emotional, physical, or both—deserves to be seen and treated with dignity, science, and heart.

This September, let’s remember: PTSD is not just a story of survival. It’s a call to change how we treat pain, and how we care for each other.

Did You Know?

Sources & Further Reading

1. IASP – Pain Awareness Month: https://www.iasp-pain.org/advocacy/pain-awareness-month/ p>

2. TreatingPain.com – September 2024 Initiatives: https://www.treatingpain.com/news-updates/2024/september/pain-awareness-month-2024/

3. Atlas Veterans Canada – PTSD Awareness: https://atlasveterans.ca/news/june-is-ptsd-awareness-month-inspiring-understanding-support-and-hope/

4. PubMed Central – PTSD and Chronic Pain: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10845104/

5. American Institute of Stress – PTSD Month 2025: https://www.stress.org/news/in-2025-june-is-designated-as-ptsd-awareness-month/

6. CIPSRT – Canadian PTSD Research: https://www.cipsrt-icrtsp.ca/en/june-2024-is-ptsd-awareness-month

7. Pain Australia: https://www.painaustralia.org.au/campaigns-awareness/2021-international-pain-awareness-month

8. Yahoo News – Pain Awareness Month 2024: https://finance.yahoo.com/news/september-international-pain-awareness-month-100000251.html

The post The Weight of PTSD: Elevating Treatment and Hope During International Pain Awareness Month appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

This publicly funded, evidence-based program is now a cornerstone of Ontario’s strategy to improve access to mental health care, offering timely and targeted treatment for adults experiencing depression, anxiety, and related conditions. The goal? To ensure that mental health care is no longer a privilege—but a basic, accessible right.

From Crisis to Care

Mental health disorders affect one in five Canadians each year. Yet, despite growing awareness, many Ontarians still find it difficult to access therapy that is affordable, high-quality, and timely. That’s where OSP comes in.

Funded through Ontario’s Roadmap to Wellness initiative and administered in partnership with regional health organizations like St. Joseph’s Health Care London, the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), and Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences, OSP is designed to fill the gap between need and service delivery.

Rather than relying on traditional models that often left people waiting months for therapy, OSP introduces a “stepped care” approach that matches the level of intervention to each individual’s needs. It’s practical, efficient, and—most importantly—proven to work.

What It Offers

At its core, OSP provides short-term cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)—one of the most effective treatments for anxiety and depression. The therapy is structured, skills-based, and focuses on changing patterns of thinking and behavior to improve daily functioning.

What sets OSP apart is its flexible delivery:

Accessibility and Inclusion

OSP is open to any Ontario resident aged 18 and up who is dealing with depression, anxiety, PTSD, or related conditions. Individuals can access the program through referrals from healthcare providers—or they can self-refer via regional intake portals like OSPWest.ca or Ontario Shores.

For many, this direct access represents a crucial shift away from a bureaucratic system toward one centered on the patient.

The program also accounts for cultural sensitivity and language accessibility. Some regional sites are actively working to expand their services to include multilingual clinicians and culturally responsive approaches for Indigenous, Francophone, and newcomer communities.

A Measured Success

The structure of OSP is not just about efficiency—it’s rooted in evidence-based outcomes. Progress is measured using standardized tools like the GAD-7 for anxiety and the PHQ-9 for depression. This “measurement-based care” ensures that treatment remains responsive and personalized.

If a participant is not improving with self-led tools, they can be stepped up to one-on-one therapy. Likewise, those whose conditions worsen can be referred to more intensive programs.

As of early 2025, OSP has supported tens of thousands of Ontarians, many of whom report significant improvements in mood, daily function, and coping ability.

Challenges and Limitations

Of course, OSP isn’t a solution for everyone. There are exclusionary criteria, including active suicidal ideation, recent psychotic episodes, or complex personality disorders, which may require more intensive care than OSP provides. These individuals are guided toward more appropriate services.

There are also logistical challenges in ensuring consistency across regions, managing demand, and training enough clinicians. Yet the overall trajectory remains promising.

A Glimpse Into the Future

As Ontario continues to expand OSP, the province is setting a benchmark for what accessible, effective mental health care can look like. With its focus on outcomes, flexibility, and client empowerment, OSP represents a fundamental rethinking of how therapy is delivered in public health systems.

For many Ontarians, this means something profound: getting help when they need it, without delay, stigma, or financial strain. It’s not just therapy—it’s a pathway to wellness.

References:

The post How Ontario’s Structured Psychotherapy Program Is Transforming Mental Health Access appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

My Journey and Inspirations

My journey began about 20 years ago when I started to work in the human service field. I always felt that there were other ways to support individuals who were outside the box of regular care and support that individuals receive. About 10 years ago, I started working in the addiction recovery field. Some years down the road, I took the recovery coaching training with Still Here.

That is when I instantly fell in love with coaching, and I knew that it was my calling. To be able to walk alongside someone and meet them exactly where they are on their journey without judgment has been something I have always had a passion for. Recovery Coaching is very personal to me, as I am an adult child survivor of addiction and family violence.

Understanding Addiction Recovery

The Role of Family in Recovery

Spiritual Coaching and Holistic Well-being

I truly believe that for healing, we should work on our emotional, mental, spiritual, and physical selves. We cannot heal and live a fulfilled life if we don’t work on our whole being. Spiritual healing can help us to learn coping skills, regulate ourselves, stay grounded, and have the strength to continue the journey by giving our pain and worries to our higher power.

Practical strategies to build resilience in their daily lives

Techniques or practices for managing stress and anxiety effectively

Advice for Aspiring Coaches

It’s about having compassion and understanding. Showing up for the person without biases or judgments. Having empathy and self-awareness. Know your limits. Check in with yourself. Continuous growth and learning.

Balancing Professional and Personal Life

I am always checking in with myself to see how I am feeling. I strive to have a balance-emotionally, mentally, spiritually, and physically. Meditation, grounding techniques, self-care, getting plenty of rest, journaling, and making sure I am not taking on too much

Future Goals and Aspirations

I am holding my first event, which will be a continuation of teaching how to support children who have been affected by addiction and family violence. My goal is to be aware. I am also planning on educating on mental health.

Parting Insight…

Seek support. Keep going! Healing is possible, and you matter!

The post Healing from Addiction: Insights on Recovery, Resilience, and Family Support appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

Magazica: Welcome everyone. Today we have the pleasure of speaking with Dr. Bea Mackay, a counseling psychologist dedicated to helping individuals navigate their emotional journeys. Bea’s path wasn’t a straight line. It began on her family farm, continued as a physical education teacher, and ultimately led her to the field of psychology.

Her diverse background gives her a unique perspective on the challenges people face and the strategies that can lead to positive change in their lives. Her personal and professional approach makes her insights particularly relevant to us.

Ladies and gentlemen, we have Dr. Bea Mackay, author, registered psychologist, and thought leader. Bea, welcome to our magazine.

Dr. Bea Mackay: I’m delighted to be here.

Magazica: Bea, considering your diverse background from farm life to physical education, and then to counseling psychology, how did these early experiences in your life shape your understanding of the human experience and ultimately your path toward counseling psychology?

Dr. Bea Mackay: Well, I was raised in a time when religion and schools had corporal punishment. The belief was to “spare the rod and spoil the child.” I was raised on a farm, and my parents were hardworking farmers who didn’t have much time to parent, and when they did, it was often harsh. When I became a mom, I wanted a parenting style that wasn’t as harsh. This is important in my life and has shaped who I am and what I want for people.

Magazica: You mentioned that your upbringing, particularly regarding discipline, influenced your approach to parenting and eventually your professional work. Can you share how these early experiences impacted your decision to help others break negative cycles and how that relates to the readers of Magazica?

Dr. Bea Mackay: My experiences were both positive and negative. My earliest memory is when I was nine months to a year old, in our farm kitchen without running water or electricity. My mother had just received her first pair of eyeglasses, and she was happy. When my mother was happy, there was a ripple effect, and everyone was happy. This powerful influence shaped what I’m doing today because when people are happy, there’s a ripple effect, and life is good.

The punishment part was too harsh for me. There’s a difference between discipline and harsh beatings. I looked for a different parenting style and found the Dreikers’ approach, based on logical and natural consequences. This helped me, and it’s what I do in my work today—helping people shift from reasoning to strategies when reasoning doesn’t work.

Magazica: Fantastic. In one of your writings, you describe a sense of belonging when you entered your master’s program in counseling psychology. What was it about this field that resonated so deeply with you, and what do you hope your work is providing to people?

Dr. Bea Mackay: I felt that when I was working with people and could influence them in positive ways, helping them change their lives, it was like, “Yes, I’m home.” I was meant to do this. It comes from making other people happy and creating good feelings in them. That’s why I felt at home in my career.

Magazica: Fantastic. Many people find traditional therapy intimidating. What inspired you to create “Beainbalance” as an accessible platform with blogs and quizzes? How does this approach help people who might be hesitant to seek traditional counseling?

Dr. Bea Mackay: Well, I want to give you a historical development of my career.

Magazica: Please, we’d love that.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Early in my career, I was invited by a doctor who refers a lot of her patients to me. One night at dinner, she gave me some feedback that blew me away. She said, “I refer a lot of my patients for therapy, and at their next appointment, I ask them how it was, and they say it was good to talk to someone. But when I refer people to you, at their next appointment, they’re already making the changes they need to make.”

I did not know I was doing anything different from my colleagues. At the time, I told her, “I don’t know what I’m doing, but I’m glad you realize it’s from the therapy, and you keep referring people to me.” I said I would find out, and that’s what my work has been about finding what makes for the action component of therapy. Talk therapy is good, but sometimes people can talk forever and there’s no change. What makes for the change is having people access the sensations in their body as they’re talking.

This connection with sensations is powerful because when you access the sensations, they synthesize with logical data, creating new neural pathways with different sensations. When you feel different, you behave differently. It’s transformative change, but it feels normal. I give people feedback on their nonverbal cues, like when they flush or show certain expressions. They often don’t realize how much expression they show and I feed it back to them. This helps them access the senstations which synthesis with their logic. This forms new neural pathways and changes sensations, which drive their actions.

My work is about helping people get back to processing their emotions. Babies are born knowing how to process emotions, but we unlearn it and try to manage emotions instead. Managing emotions creates issues. My book is called “When you Let Go of the Outcome and Let Things Fall Together” because when you are not trying to control the outcome things can come together in ways that it couldn’t come together when you are trying to avoid them.

I teach people to stay with the sensations and breathe through them. The waves of sensations get smaller and eventually disappear. The brain forms new neural pathways, and the old sensations do not return. This is how you heal from past trauma—when you talk about it without the unpleasant sensations, you’re healed.

Magazica: I was going to talk about trauma later, but as the topic came up, let’s discuss it now. Your work focuses on helping people navigate life’s challenges and heal from past traumas. What are some common misconceptions people have about trauma, and what’s the basic first step you take to start the healing process with the people you see?

Dr. Bea Mackay: Well, I start with just educating people to pay attention to whatever sensations they feel. I tell them not to try and change them, but to accept them as they are. It doesn’t matter if they might be overreacting. What’s important is acknowledging the sensation they’re feeling. In the hear and now. I teach people to reconnect with these sensations. Once they experience the creation of new neural pathways, they become more engaged in therapy.

Magazica: Sometimes, when facing trauma, people might be in a state of denial or suppression. Do you encourage them to acknowledge their experiences openly?

Dr. Bea Mackay: Trauma itself isn’t the problem; it’s whether you’re healed from it or not. When you are healed physically and psychologically, trauma can make you wiser and more resilient. Unhealed trauma goes underground in our subconscious and can cause developmental and emotional arrests. For example, a woman I worked with had an affair for years and couldn’t understand why she couldn’t stop. Through therapy, we uncovered a memory from when she was three years old at her father’s funeral. She saw the pain on her daddy’s face and decided, at a young age, not to have children to avoid the pain of losing them. This unhealed trauma led to her actions.

Many of us have parts of ourselves arrested at a young age due to trauma. These parts operate from a place of pain, trying to avoid something they don’t even understand.

Magazica: Beautiful. Let’s transition to our next topic relationships. In one of your blog posts, you discuss relationship communication skills. What are some simple yet effective strategies our readers can use to improve communication in their relationships, and how do these skills relate to general well-being?

Dr. Bea Mackay: I’m currently writing a book called “Effective Communication Skills for Everyday Life.” One strategy I call “putting the inside outside.” If your partner does something that gives you goosebumps, share that with them. In therapy, I model this by telling clients how their words impact me. I coach couples to say what they need to say and then ask about the impact on their partner. This helps them feel heard and connected.

We tend to keep our emotions to ourselves, but connection is essential. Technology can make us feel robotic and disconnected. Simple actions like expressing that someone heard you, saw you, or made you feel safe are crucial. These simple yet powerful expressions can transform relationships.

In couples therapy, I learned that progress can sometimes lead to discomfort because it’s unfamiliar. People need to develop new neural pathways to handle positive sensations. Breathing through these sensations helps them get comfortable with progress.

Magazica: Wow. You mentioned you’re writing a book on effective communication. Was your first book “Let Go of Outcome”?

Dr. Bea Mackay: No, my first book was “How to Work with the Self in Conflict.” It’s a manual for therapists based on the gestalt technique. It helps people access sensations and have a conversation with themselves, which is different from role-playing. My second book, “The Power of Connection,” is also for the lay person, written in easy language to ensure it’s practical and helpful.

Magazica: Okay. And I really like all the titles. But I really like the next one, “Let Go of Outcome.” That’s a very powerful message.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Yes.

Magazica: The book title itself is so powerful, and fascinating.

Dr. Bea Mackay: That’s the book I started writing when I was finally able to write for the general population. When I turned 70, I went into a bit of a funk, a bit of a depression. The reason was that I thought it was too late for me to share what I knew with the world. A former client of mine invited me out for dinner one night. When I arrived, he asked me how I was, and I said I was fine. An hour into dinner, I admitted I was in a funk. I don’t remember what he said to me for the next hour, but when I walked out of that restaurant, I put up my umbrella in the rainy Vancouver weather and thought, “I can dream again.” That’s when I started writing “Let Go of Outcome.”

Magazica: Fantastic. And your fourth book was “Train Your Brain”?

Dr. Bea Mackay: Train Your Brain is a book I’m working on as a sports psychologist for two young girls who are number one in Canada for their age group. It’s about the relationship between yourself and tennis. At that top level, the difference is not in skills but in how your brain works and how you treat yourself.

Magazica: Fantastic! Good to know about all your books and upcoming ones. Now, back to our main topic. Your blog features posts on decision-making and the pendulum.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Yes, I did my doctoral research on decision-making. These quizzes come out of that.

Magazica: Yes, you mentioned going through a divorce and the sleepless nights trying to make decisions. Can you tell us more?

Dr. Bea Mackay: I chose decision-making as my research focus. I chose people who were already in therapy deciding whether or not to end their marriages. I used a methodology called Q-sort, translating theory into everyday language for sorting. By sorting these items, we could tell if they were conflicted. After six sessions of Two-Year Work, we’d have them sort again to see if they had made a decision and the quality of it. This method helped so much that I created a hard copy for clients, eventually putting it online as a computer form. It’s called Decision Quiz.

Magazica: Yes, viewers can access a shorter version online for free at decisionquiz.com.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Yes.

Magazica: It’s fascinating. Two of our team members took it and found it very helpful.

Dr. Bea Mackay: That’s great to hear.

Magazica: With your clients’ emotional journeys, including dreams, how can understanding our dreams, visions, or mental maps give us insights into our daily lives and emotional well-being?

Dr. Bea Mackay: I’m halfway through writing a book on working with dreams without needing to know their meanings. It’s always fun to know what they mean, but you don’t have to. I opened “Let Go of Outcome” with a nightmare I had before presenting at an international conference. I woke up at 5 a.m. with cold sensations of terror. I knew I was over-reacting , however it did not stop the difficult sensations of terror. Fortunately I knew what to do I lay in bed and breathed through the sensations of white cold terror causing from my head to toes for two hours. When I got up, they were gone, and I haven’t had a panic attack since. You can survive a panic attack by breathing through the sensations. If you’re not experienced, it’s good to have a therapist as a container, reassuring you that you’re okay.

Knowing you can handle it frees you to do what you want without avoiding sensations. When you let go of the outcome things can come together in a new way.

Magazica: While you were talking about writing a book on dreams, I remembered reading C.G. Jung’s “Memories, Dreams, Reflections” and “Man and His Symbols.”

Dr. Bea Mackay: Yes, those are great works.

Yes, well, he is very well known. One way to work with dreams is to go with images, symbols, and metaphors. But you don’t have to do that. I had a fellow come in who was having nightmares every night. We worked on it in our session, and I told him to re-enter the dream letting go of logic and see himself handling it well. The hardest part is letting go of logic. I taught him how to do that, and we practiced it in our sessions. Several weeks later, he said he no longer had nightmares. If he wakes up from a bad dream, he lies there and imagines different scenarios where it turns out well.

That’s the book I’m writing now. You don’t have to know what the dream means. It’s usual to want to know, but you don’t have to.

Magazica: Oh, yeah, I’ll wait for your book. It will be more accessible for me. Jung’s work is more classic, so I’ll wait for your book.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Well, I’d like to say something about jargon. I don’t use any jargon in my therapy. You don’t have to learn any therapist-specific language. It’s just your own everyday language. That’s one reason it works with so many people.

Magazica: Good for us.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Yes, and I don’t like to put people in boxes. If someone comes in and says they have ADHD or they’re paranoid, I say most of society is in the normal bell curve. Rather than saying you’re paranoid, say you scare yourself too much. If you own it, you can do it more, or less, or do something totally different.

Magazica: This alternate framing of situations can be very proactive and have a positive impact on people.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Yes, it gives them a sense of agency.

Magazica: True.

Dr. Bea Mackay: For example, anxiety and depression are not causes or conditions. They’re the symptoms. When we get anxious, we’re scaring ourselves with our self-talk, and we don’t even know it. I get people to own that they’re scaring themselves. They’re usually trying to protect themselves from some horrible fate of sensations. Depression is when people feel trapped in a situation, more psychologically than physically, and they cope by getting depressed because they feel they cannot solve it.

Magazica: That’s enlightening. What’s the one thing you wish everyone knew about mental well-being, and how can individuals take a proactive role in their emotional health?

Dr. Bea Mackay: It’s the quality of sensations that determine how we think and act. If you feel different, you act differently. People don’t realize they can change the quality of sensations by creating new neural pathways, just by breathing through these waves. If people stay with the sensations and others let them, they can handle it. People are afraid to know what they know because they’re afraid they’ll do something different, but it’s helpful for them.

Magazica: And for dealing with that, always get professional help, Beainbalance.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Yes.

Magazica: You’ve said you’re halfway through a book on dreams and writing a book on effective communication. Any other future projects we can expect?

Dr. Bea Mackay: Yes, I have a whole list. One is an almanac for children, targeted at ages six to eight, called “How to Do Life,” covering topics like preventing accidents and handling abuse. Another is a book on doing couples counseling on your own. Relationships are interactive, and if one person changes, it impacts the partner. People can do couples counseling even if their partner doesn’t want to go.

Magazica: Fantastic! We’ll be waiting for all your beautiful work. Bea, thank you very much for this conversation. You’ve changed many perceptions in me to become a better, more sensitive person. Thank you.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Thank you for giving me the opportunity.

Magazica: Definitely. Please let this not be the only time we converse. We will talk again if you allow us.

Dr. Bea Mackay: I’d love to. I want to get my word out to the population.

Magazica: When your books on effective communication and dreams come out, we’ll have a detailed talk.

Dr. Bea Mackay: Good. They can benefit from reading my two published books in the meantime.

Magazica: Definitely. Thank you for your time and presence, Dr. Bea.

Dr. Bea Mackay: You’re welcome. My delight to be here. Bye-bye.

Magazica: Bye-bye.

The post Transform Your Life: Dr. Bea Mackay’s Insights on Trauma, Relationships, Emotional Well-being, Lasting Change and Healing appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.

Magazica: Welcome, Naiara! Thank you for joining us today. Our readers are eager to learn more about mental health and how it impacts their overall well-being. Can you share a brief overview of your experience and the type of therapy you specialize in?

Naiara: Thank you for having me! I’m Naiara, and I’m a licensed psychotherapist specializing in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). I worked as a clinical psychologist in Brazil from 2011 to 2018, when I moved to Canada, in Ontario I am a registered Psychotherapist. I always worked with cases of high vulnerability that involve environmental or social issues. Due to that, I am very client-centred, trauma-oriented and family-focused when applying the evidence-based techniques I mentioned.

Magazica: Mental health is a complex topic, often shrouded in stigma. In simple terms, how can you define mental health and its role in our daily lives?

Naiara: Mental health addresses our general feeling of well-being and influences how we think and behave. Being mentally healthy is about having the resilience to cope with challenges, maintaining meaningful relationships, and functioning effectively in daily life. Just like physical health, mental health can fluctuate, and it requires care and attention. Neglecting mental health can lead to emotional distress, strained relationships, and decreased overall well-being.

Magazica: Reducing stigma starts with understanding that mental health is a universal aspect of being human—it’s just as important as physical health and deserves equal attention and care. Many people experience stress, anxiety, or low moods occasionally. How can our readers distinguish between normal life challenges and situations that might benefit from professional help?

Naiara: It’s normal to feel stressed or anxious occasionally. We all evolved to have pleasant and unpleasant emotions in more or less intense ways depending on what we are navigating in life – emotions exist to communicate our needs and help us meet them. However, if these feelings don’t seem to meet the reality of your life, if they persist for weeks or months, interfere with your daily functioning, or lead to significant distress, it may be beneficial to seek professional help. If you’re experiencing symptoms such as constant worry, overwhelming sadness, unusual thought patterns or difficulty managing everyday tasks, talking to a mental health professional can provide support and guidance.

Magazica: You mentioned Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Can you break down these terms for our readers and explain how these approaches can help people improve their mental well-being?

Naiara: Both are therapeutic approaches that are based on results from scientific research that have been replicated over time. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a structured, goal-oriented approach that helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviours. By addressing these patterns, CBT can reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues. Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) was developed based on CBT; it combines cognitive-behavioral techniques with mindfulness and emotional regulation strategies. It’s particularly effective for individuals who struggle with intense emotions and self-destructive patterns. Both approaches empower individuals with practical tools to manage their mental health more effectively.

Magazica: Beyond therapy, what are some practical strategies our readers can incorporate into their daily routines to manage stress, improve sleep, and boost their overall mood?

Naiara: Incorporating simple, daily practices can make a significant difference. Each person needs to figure out what works with their resources and preferences. Here are a few strategies:

Magazica: The connection between mind and body is undeniable. How does our physical health, such as diet and exercise, influence our mental well-being?

Naiara: Physical health has a profound impact on mental well-being. Regular exercise can enhance mood by increasing endorphins and reducing stress hormones. A balanced diet supports brain function and overall energy levels, which can influence mood and cognitive performance. Adequate sleep is crucial for emotional regulation and cognitive processes. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can create a strong foundation for better mental health. Also, self-care acts are a very important way in which we practice self-love – when we prioritize our health maintenance, we are sending a “note to self” that we are important.

Magazica: Many people struggle with maintaining healthy habits. Do you have any tips for our readers on how to create sustainable routines that support both their physical and mental health?

Naiara: Creating sustainable routines involves setting realistic goals and making gradual changes. Start by incorporating small, manageable habits into your daily life, such as light stretching, eating an option of fruits or vegetables, or establishing a 2-hour window in which you’ll go to bed. It’s also helpful to track your progress and celebrate small victories. Building a support system can provide encouragement and accountability. Consistency with the small steps is the most important part of this process.

Magazica: Technology plays a major role in our lives. Can you discuss some potential benefits and drawbacks of technology use as it relates to mental health?

Naiara: Technology offers several benefits for mental health, including access to online therapy resources, mental health apps, and educational materials. It can also help connect people with support networks and self-help tools. However, excessive use of technology, especially social media, can contribute to anxiety, depression, and decreased self-esteem. It’s important to manage screen time and be mindful of how technology affects your mood and relationships.

Magazica: How can our readers leverage technology in a healthy way to support their mental well-being? Are there any apps or resources you recommend?

Naiara: To leverage technology healthily, set boundaries for screen time and use technology purposefully. For mental health support, consider using apps like Headspace or Calm for mindfulness and relaxation or Moodfit for tracking mood and setting mental health goals. Online therapy platforms and hotlines can also provide convenient access to professional support. Watching familiar shows or listening to music/podcasts can also be an effective way to focus your attention when your thoughts are racing.

Magazica: What are some common misconceptions about mental health that you encounter in your practice? How can we help address these misconceptions and encourage people to prioritize their mental well-being?

Naiara:

1. “People with mental health concerns are lazy or not trying hard enough.”

2. “They’re just seeking attention.”

3. “Mental health problems only affect weak people.”

4. “Therapy is for people who are ‘crazy.'”

5. “You can just snap out of it.”

Magazica: For readers who might be interested in learning more or seeking professional help, what resources would you recommend?

Naiara: Here are some reputable organizations and services available in Canada, Ontario, and the Greater Toronto Area (GTA):

National Resources:

Provincial Resources (Ontario):

Greater Toronto Area (GTA) Resources:

To identify independent registered professionals, you can also use Psychology Today – making sure to check that the professionals.

Magazica: As we wrap up, is there a final piece of advice you would like to share with our readers on how to live a healthier and happier life?

Naiara: My final piece of advice is to prioritize self-care and be kind to yourself. Make time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation. Building a support network and seeking professional help when needed are crucial for maintaining well-being. Remember, taking care of your mental health is an ongoing journey, and every step you take towards self-care makes a positive difference.

The post Navigating Mental Wellness and Prioritising Mental Health: Insights from Licensed Psychotherapist Naiara appeared first on Canada's Health Magazine.